Background: Stress is a migraine trigger. Anxiety sensitivity as a mediator between stress AND disease is one of the factors affecting the symptoms of migraine. Purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) on anxiety sensitivity in patients with migraine.Methods: In this semi experimental study, 36 patients with migraine were rANDomly divided into two groups: experimental AND control. Patients of experimental group received (EMDR) therapy, 3 sessions of 90 minutes within three weeks. Control group did not receive any medical or psychological intervention. Participants in both groups were evaluated with Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory- Revised (ASI-R) during pre-test, post-test AND one-month follow-up.Findings: The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING reduces anxiety sensitivity (P<0.05) in patients.Conclusion: The results suggest that (EMDR) can be considered as one of the therapies for migraine headaches.

A variety of nervous system components such as medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal, frontal AND occipital lobes have role in EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) processes. The EYE MOVEMENT is done simultaneously for attracting client's attention to an external stimulus while concentrating on a certain internal subject. EYE MOVEMENT guided by therapist is the most common attention stimulus. The role of EYE MOVEMENT has been documented previously in relation with cognitive processing mechanisms. A series of systemic experiments have shown that the EYEs’ spontaneous MOVEMENT is associated with emotional AND cognitive changes AND results in decreased excitement, flexibility in attention, memory processing, AND enhanced semantic recalling. EYE MOVEMENT also decreases the memory's image clarity AND the accompanying excitement. By using (EMDR), we can reach some parts of memory which were inaccessible before AND also emotionally intolerable.Various researches emphasize on the effectiveness of (EMDR) in treating AND curing phobias, pains, AND dependent personality disorders. Consequently, due to the involvement of multiple neural system components, this palliative method of treatment can also help to rehabilitate the neuro-cognitive system.

Background AND Purpose: The EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) is a relatively emerging psychotherapy technique during which the patient focuses on the lateral MOVEMENTs of the clinician's fingers while keeping an image of the traumatic experience in the mind. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) in improving generalized anxiety disorder in students. Methods: The present quasi-experimental study had a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all students studying in the second-grade secondary school of Tehran in 2019. Using the multi-stage cluster rANDom sampling method, a sample of 24 individuals was selected AND they were rANDomly assigned to experimental AND control groups. The demographic variables questionnaire AND general anxiety disorder-short form were used to collect data. The data were analyzed by SPSS-22, descriptive statistics, AND multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between experimental AND control groups in reducing generalized anxiety disorder AND its components (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) was effective in improving generalized anxiety disorder in students,hence, it was effective in improving such disorders.

Background & Objectives: The parent-child relationship is one of the most important components of social life AND plays an essential role in children's mental health. Unlike a safe child, who can count on the accountability of the caregiver, an unsafe child must deal with the constant need for the caregiver AND cope with the continued failure AND unbalanced behavior of this person. Insecure children should constantly be concerned about their caring location, as they cannot count on availability when needed. Because of the possible inaccessibility of these caregivers, unsafe children live with a constant fear of being left alone. The fear of separation AND abANDonment is transferred to the postnatal period, as the fear of loneliness persists when the need for comfort or support continues throughout childhood AND adulthood. DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING with EYE MOVEMENTs can help to improve children's reactive attachment disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING methods through EYE MOVEMENTs on symptoms of reactive attachment disorder in children aged 8-12 years. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, AND follow-up with two groups in this study. The statistical population consisted of all students of 8-12 years with reactive attachment disorder in the academic year of 2019 in districts 1, 3, AND 22 of Tehran who had expressed a desire in calling through cyberspace. Sixteen eligible volunteer children were included in the study AND rANDomly assigned to experimental AND control groups among the mentioned population. The number of samples was calculated based on similar studies considering the effect size of 0. 40, the confidence level of 0. 95, the test power of 0. 80 AND the loss rate of 10% for each group of 8 persons. In the experimental group, DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING methods were performed by EYE MOVEMENTs of 8 students, AND in the control group, eight students were placed. Inclusion criteria included age between 8 AND 12 years, score higher than 30 in RANDolph attachment disorder questionnaire AND exclusion criteria, physical, sensory, AND motor problems, lack of proper cooperation in regular participation in meetings or doing exercises at home. The intervention was presented as DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING with EYE MOVEMENTs every week. Participants completed the attachment disorder questionnaire (RANDolph, 2000), Achenbach behavioral log (Achenbach, 2000), AND Wisconsin card classification test (Grant & Berg, 1948) AND follow-up period three months later. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using repeated variance analysis. The significance level of the tests in this study was considered 0. 05. Results: The results showed that DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING training through EYE MOVEMENTs significantly reduced antisocial behaviors (effect of group: p<0. 001, time effect: p<0. 001, time effect*Group: p<0. 001), impulsivity (group effect: p<0. 001,time effect: p<0. 001,time effect*Group: p<0. 001), AND bullying (group effect p<0. 001, Time effect: p<0. 001, time effect*Group: p<0. 001) in the experimental group was post-tested AND followed up, but the scores of antisocial behavior, impulsivity AND bullying were not changed in the control group. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING approach with EYE MOVEMENT can be effective in reducing the symptoms of reactive attachment disorder AND can be used as a therapeutic intervention tailored to the child's condition.

Introduction: Depression is the most common psychological consequences of spinal cord injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND reprocess ((EMDR)) on depression in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 40 patients with Spinal cord injury (SCI) who were treated at Hadith Rehabilitation Center of Qazvin in 2018-2019 were selected by rANDom sampling AND rANDomly divided into two groups. The methods of EYE MOVEMENTs AND REPROCESSING were performed for experimental group in five sessions of 90 minutes. The research instruments included demographic characteristics form AND Beck’ s depression inventories that were completed by patients in both groups. Depression was measured before, one, three AND six months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23, by descriptive AND inferential statistics proportional to the data. The data was analyzed with, Chi-square, independent t-test, Paired t-test AND ANOVA. Results: The results of this study showed that before intervention the mean depression score was not significantly different between the control AND experimental groups (31. 4 ± 10. 4), (30. 5 ± 6. 3 )(P=0. 7, t=-0. 3). After intervention, the experimental group had a significant increase in the mean score of depression compared with the control group (22. 3± 7. 7), (30. 3± 6. 6) (P<0. 001, t=-4. 1 ). The mean depression score in the experimental group showed statistically significant differences three AND six months after the intervention (P=0. 001, t=-4. 05). Conclusion: Considering that (EMDR), as a non-pharmacological intervention, reduced depression in patients with spinal cord injury.

Introduction: Given the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has high prevalence among veterans. On the other hAND, this disorder creates problems for veterans AND their families.Objective: Therefore, the aim of current research is to investigate the efficacy of EYE MOVEMENT DESENSITIZATION AND REPROCESSING ((EMDR)) on PTSD among male veterans resident in a nursing home.Material & Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study with pre AND post- tests. The population of study was veteran resident in Kahrizak nursing home.20 veterans selected with purposely sample. They were assigned rANDomly to the control AND experimental groups. The experimental groups received techniques of MDRE for ten treatment sessions (90 minutes for one session, per week). The research instrument was PTSD Checklist- military version (PCL-m). Statistical analysis conducted by analysis of covariance.Results: There is significantly difference in PTSD (F=1.05, sig=0.318) AND subscales, intrusion (F=1.63, sig=0.218), avoidance (F=0.017, sig=0.427), hyper-arousal (F=0.641, sig=0.434) between veterans in pre AND post-test.Discussion AND Conclusion: the findings indicated that MDRE has positive influence on reducing of symptoms PTSD in male veterans resident in a nursing home.